Comparison of Mann–Kendall and Şen’s innovative trend method for climatic parameters over Nigeria’s climatic zones

Creating innovative ways for the identification of trends is a very vital part atmospheric studies. Different climatic locations present their unique variations, calling dynamism trend analysis. In addition to widely adopted Mann–Kendall (MK) test, new Şen’s analysis (ITA) method has been applied analyze refractivity related (atmosphere pressure—AP, vapour pressure—VP, ambient temperature—T) and equivalent potential temperature—EPT parameters (mixing ratio air—R, absolute temperature at lifting condensation level—TL, temperature—PT). This was perfomed using 40 years’ data (1981–2020) from 4 stations each zone Nigeria (Calabar—Tropical monsoon, Ibadan—Tropical Savannah, Kano—Warm semiarid climate, Kukawa—Warm desert climate). The MK test detects in 16 total 32 across all locations/climatic regions. Sen’s ITA however, an average about 27 low, medium high values. results zones that show no are demystified by with increasing and/or decreasing or values; consequently, have monotonically (where values above 1:1 (45°) line) test. Other comparisons between both methods were outlined explained; correlation heat maps used relationship location, describing effect climate on variations these parameters. revealed can be informative telecom renewable energy applications, guiding engineers system designers understand within range particular parameter. movement air parcels amount water atmosphere concept consider dynamics. shown image one aforementioned conditions. A comparison Innovative study over four Nigeria. It observed identifies values, giving more information how they engineering designs energy.